diff --git a/lib/linked_list.rb b/lib/linked_list.rb index 501c60fb..7f105ca2 100644 --- a/lib/linked_list.rb +++ b/lib/linked_list.rb @@ -18,132 +18,265 @@ def initialize # method to add a new node with the specific data value in the linked list # insert the new node at the beginning of the linked list - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity + # Time Complexity: O(1) + # Space Complexity O(1) def add_first(value) - raise NotImplementedError + new_node = Node.new(value) + new_node.next = @head + @head = new_node end # method to find if the linked list contains a node with specified value # returns true if found, false otherwise - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def search(value) - raise NotImplementedError + return false if @head.nil? + return true if @head.data = value + current = @head + until current.data.nil? + return true if current.data = value + current = current.next + end end # method to return the max value in the linked list # returns the data value and not the node - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def find_max - raise NotImplementedError + return nil if @head.nil? + current = @head + max = current.data + until current.nil? + max = current.data if current.data > max + current = current.next + end + return max end # method to return the min value in the linked list # returns the data value and not the node - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def find_min - raise NotImplementedError + return nil if @head.nil? + current = @head + min = current.data + until current.nil? + if current.data < min + min = current.data + end + current = current.next + end + return min end # method that returns the length of the singly linked list - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def length - raise NotImplementedError + return 0 if @head.nil? + length = 0 + current = @head + until current.nil? + current = current.next + length += 1 + end + return length + end # method that returns the value at a given index in the linked list # index count starts at 0 # returns nil if there are fewer nodes in the linked list than the index value - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def get_at_index(index) - raise NotImplementedError + return nil if length <= index + current = @head + count = 0 + until current.nil? + return current.data if count == index + current = current.next + count += 1 + end end # method to print all the values in the linked list - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def visit - raise NotImplementedError + current = @head + until current.nil? + puts current.data + current = current.next + end end # method to delete the first node found with specified value - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity + # Time Complexity: O(n) where n is the number of nodes + # Space Complexity: O(1) def delete(value) - raise NotImplementedError + return if @head.nil? + current = @head + + if current.data == value + @head = current.next + return + end + + prev = current + until current.nil? + if current.data == value + prev.next = current.next + else + prev = current + end + current = current.next + end end # method to reverse the singly linked list # note: the nodes should be moved and not just the values in the nodes - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity + # Time Complexity: O(n) where n is the number of nodes + # Space Complexity: O(1) def reverse - raise NotImplementedError + return nil if @head.nil? + prev = nil + current = @head + until current.nil? + temp = current.next + current.next = prev + prev = current + current = temp + end + + @head = prev + end ## Advanced Exercises # returns the value at the middle element in the singly linked list - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def find_middle_value - raise NotImplementedError + return nil if @head.nil? + current = @head + if length % 2 == 0 + return nil + else + middle_index = length / 2 + end + index = 0 + until current.nil? + return current.data if index == middle_index + current = current.next + index += 1 + end + end # find the nth node from the end and return its value # assume indexing starts at 0 while counting to n - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def find_nth_from_end(n) - raise NotImplementedError + return nil if @head.nil? + current = @head + index = 0 + until current.nil? + if index == length - n - 1 + return current.data + end + index += 1 + current = current.next + end end # checks if the linked list has a cycle. A cycle exists if any node in the # linked list links to a node already visited. # returns true if a cycle is found, false otherwise. - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def has_cycle - raise NotImplementedError + return nil if @head.nil? + slow_p = @head + fast_p = @head + while slow_p != nil && fast_p != nil and fast_p.next != nil + slow_p = slow_p.next + fast_p = fast_p.next.next + if slow_p == fast_p + return true + end + return false + end end # Additional Exercises # returns the value in the first node # returns nil if the list is empty - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity + # Time Complexity: O(1) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def get_first - raise NotImplementedError + return nil if @head.nil? + return @head.data end # method that inserts a given value as a new last node in the linked list - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity + # Time Complexity: O(n) where n is the number of nodes + # Space Complexity: O(1) def add_last(value) - raise NotImplementedError + new_node = Node.new(value) + if @head.nil? + @head = new_node + return + end + current = @head + until current.next.nil? + current = current.next + end + current.next = new_node + end # method that returns the value of the last node in the linked list # returns nil if the linked list is empty - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity + # Time Complexity: O(n) where n is the number of nodes + # Space Complexity: O(1) def get_last - raise NotImplementedError + return nil if @head.nil? + current = @head + until current.next.nil? + current = current.next + end + return current.data end # method to insert a new node with specific data value, assuming the linked # list is sorted in ascending order - # Time Complexity: - # Space Complexity + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def insert_ascending(value) - raise NotImplementedError + new_node = Node.new(value) + @head = new_node if @head.nil? + current = @head + if current.data > new_node.data + temp = @head + @head = new_node + new_node.next = temp + end + until current.nil? + if current.data <= value && current.next.data > value + temp = current.next + current.next = new_node + new_node.next = temp + end + current = current.next + end end # Helper method for tests