diff --git a/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/bom/repository/BomRepository.java b/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/bom/repository/BomRepository.java
index 6e2e17d..dbbbda7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/bom/repository/BomRepository.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/bom/repository/BomRepository.java
@@ -20,15 +20,16 @@ public interface BomRepository extends JpaRepository<Bom, Long> {
 JOIN p.partGroup g
 JOIN g.category c
 WHERE (
-  COALESCE(:keyword, '') = ''  
+  COALESCE(:keyword, '') = ''
   OR p.name ILIKE CONCAT('%', :keyword, '%')
   OR p.code ILIKE CONCAT('%', :keyword, '%')
+  OR b.bomCode ILIKE CONCAT('%', :keyword, '%')
 )
 AND (:categoryId IS NULL OR c.id = :categoryId)
 AND (:groupId    IS NULL OR g.id = :groupId)
 AND (:status IS NULL OR b.status = :status)
 AND (:complexity IS NULL OR b.complexity = :complexity)
-ORDER BY b.createdAt DESC
+ORDER BY b.bomCode ASC
 """)
     Page<Bom> findByFilters(
             @Param("keyword") String keyword,
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/bom/service/BomService.java b/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/bom/service/BomService.java
index 0d2f979..ad7f7e9 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/bom/service/BomService.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/bom/service/BomService.java
@@ -149,7 +149,8 @@ public BomResponseDTO createBom(BomRequestDTO requestDTO) {
     @Transactional(readOnly = true)
     public PageResponseDTO<BomResponseDTO> getBoms(int page, int size) {
 
-        Pageable pageable = PageRequest.of(page, size, Sort.by(Sort.Direction.DESC, "createdAt"));
+        // BOM 코드 기준 오름차순 정렬
+        Pageable pageable = PageRequest.of(page, size, Sort.by("bomCode").ascending());
         Page<Bom> bomPage = bomRepository.findAll(pageable);
 
         return PageResponseDTO.<BomResponseDTO>builder()
@@ -318,7 +319,8 @@ public PageResponseDTO<BomResponseDTO> searchBoms(
             int page,
             int size
     ) {
-        Pageable pageable = PageRequest.of(page, size, Sort.by(Sort.Direction.DESC, "createdAt"));
+        // BOM 코드 기준 오름차순 정렬
+        Pageable pageable = PageRequest.of(page, size, Sort.by("bomCode").ascending());
         Page<Bom> bomPage = bomRepository.findByFilters(
                 keyword,
                 categoryId,
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/item/service/ItemService.java b/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/item/service/ItemService.java
index 364fa79..1c698da 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/item/service/ItemService.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/item/service/ItemService.java
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ private PageResponseDTO<ItemResponseDTO> convertMaterials(PageResponseDTO<Materi
                 .build();
     }
 
-    // ALL 타입 검색
+    // ALL 타입 검색 (효율성 개선)
     private PageResponseDTO<ItemResponseDTO> searchAllItems(
             String keyword,
             Long partCategoryId,
@@ -85,17 +85,20 @@ private PageResponseDTO<ItemResponseDTO> searchAllItems(
             int page,
             int size
     ) {
-        // 전체 데이터를 한 번에 가져와서 병합 후 페이지네이션
+        // 각각 적절한 크기로 데이터 가져오기 (페이지 크기의 2배씩)
+        int fetchSize = size * 2;
 
-        // 부품 데이터를 모두 가져오기 (부품 관련 필터만 적용)
-        PageResponseDTO<PartListResponseDTO> allParts = partService.searchParts(keyword, partCategoryId, partGroupId, 0, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
-        List<ItemResponseDTO> partItems = allParts.getContent().stream()
+        // 부품 데이터 가져오기
+        PageResponseDTO<PartListResponseDTO> partResponse = partService.searchParts(
+                keyword, partCategoryId, partGroupId, 0, fetchSize);
+        List<ItemResponseDTO> partItems = partResponse.getContent().stream()
                 .map(ItemResponseDTO::ofPart)
                 .toList();
 
-        // 자재 데이터를 모두 가져오기 (자재 관련 필터만 적용)
-        PageResponseDTO<MaterialResponseDTO> allMaterials = materialService.searchMaterials(keyword, materialCategoryId, 0, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
-        List<ItemResponseDTO> materialItems = allMaterials.getContent().stream()
+        // 자재 데이터 가져오기
+        PageResponseDTO<MaterialResponseDTO> materialResponse = materialService.searchMaterials(
+                keyword, materialCategoryId, 0, fetchSize);
+        List<ItemResponseDTO> materialItems = materialResponse.getContent().stream()
                 .map(ItemResponseDTO::ofMaterial)
                 .toList();
 
@@ -104,8 +107,18 @@ private PageResponseDTO<ItemResponseDTO> searchAllItems(
         allItems.addAll(partItems);
         allItems.addAll(materialItems);
 
-        // 전체 개수
-        long totalElements = allItems.size();
+        // 코드순으로 정렬 (이미 각각은 정렬되어 있지만 병합 후 다시 정렬 필요)
+        allItems.sort((item1, item2) -> {
+            String code1 = item1.getCode();
+            String code2 = item2.getCode();
+            if (code1 == null && code2 == null) return 0;
+            if (code1 == null) return 1;
+            if (code2 == null) return -1;
+            return code1.compareTo(code2);
+        });
+
+        // 전체 개수 계산 (실제 DB에서 가져온 총 개수)
+        long totalElements = partResponse.getTotalElements() + materialResponse.getTotalElements();
         int totalPages = (int) Math.ceil((double) totalElements / size);
 
         // 현재 페이지에 해당하는 데이터 추출
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/material/service/MaterialService.java b/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/material/service/MaterialService.java
index 1626dcd..7b0fd7d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/material/service/MaterialService.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/material/service/MaterialService.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
 import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
 import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
+import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
 import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
 
@@ -250,15 +251,17 @@ public PageResponseDTO<MaterialResponseDTO> searchMaterials(
             int page,
             int size
     ) {
-        PageRequest pageable = PageRequest.of(page, size);
+        // 자재 코드순 정렬 추가
+        PageRequest pageable = PageRequest.of(page, size, Sort.by("materialCode").ascending());
 
         Page<Material> materials = materialRepository.findAll((root, query, cb) -> {
             List<Predicate> predicates = new ArrayList<>();
 
-            // keyword
+            // keyword (대소문자 구분 없음)
             if (keyword != null && !keyword.isBlank()) {
-                Predicate nameLike = cb.like(root.get("name"), "%" + keyword + "%");
-                Predicate codeLike = cb.like(root.get("materialCode"), "%" + keyword + "%");
+                String lowerKeyword = "%" + keyword.toLowerCase() + "%";
+                Predicate nameLike = cb.like(cb.lower(root.get("name")), lowerKeyword);
+                Predicate codeLike = cb.like(cb.lower(root.get("materialCode")), lowerKeyword);
                 predicates.add(cb.or(nameLike, codeLike));
             }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/part/service/PartService.java b/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/part/service/PartService.java
index c8c55a0..2529ce4 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/part/service/PartService.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/part/service/PartService.java
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 import org.springframework.dao.DataIntegrityViolationException;
 import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
 import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
+import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
 import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
 
@@ -308,7 +309,8 @@ public PageResponseDTO<PartListResponseDTO> searchParts(
             int page,
             int size
     ) {
-        PageRequest pageable = PageRequest.of(page, size);
+        // 코드순 정렬 추가
+        PageRequest pageable = PageRequest.of(page, size, Sort.by("code").ascending());
 
         Page<Part> parts = partRepository.findAll((root, query, cb) -> {
             List<Predicate> predicates = new ArrayList<>();
@@ -316,10 +318,11 @@ public PageResponseDTO<PartListResponseDTO> searchParts(
             // 상태 필터
             predicates.add(cb.equal(root.get("status"), PartStatus.ACTIVE));
 
-            // keyword 검색
+            // keyword 검색 (대소문자 구분 없음)
             if (keyword != null && !keyword.isBlank()) {
-                Predicate nameLike = cb.like(root.get("name"), "%" + keyword + "%");
-                Predicate codeLike = cb.like(root.get("code"), "%" + keyword + "%");
+                String lowerKeyword = "%" + keyword.toLowerCase() + "%";
+                Predicate nameLike = cb.like(cb.lower(root.get("name")), lowerKeyword);
+                Predicate codeLike = cb.like(cb.lower(root.get("code")), lowerKeyword);
                 predicates.add(cb.or(nameLike, codeLike));
             }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/process/service/ProcessService.java b/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/process/service/ProcessService.java
index 171490a..4487c5d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/process/service/ProcessService.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/sampoom/backend/api/process/service/ProcessService.java
@@ -102,7 +102,8 @@ public PageResponseDto<ProcessResponseDTO> search(String q, ProcessStatus status
         int safePage = Math.max(page, 0);
         int safeSize = Math.min(Math.max(size, 1), 100);
 
-        Pageable pageable = PageRequest.of(safePage, safeSize, Sort.by(Sort.Direction.DESC, "id"));
+        // 공정 코드 기준 오름차순 정렬
+        Pageable pageable = PageRequest.of(safePage, safeSize, Sort.by("code").ascending());
 
         String keyword = (q == null || q.isBlank()) ? null : q.trim();
         Page<Process> result = processRepository.search(keyword, status, categoryId, groupId, pageable);